PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT

PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT.

14 principles of management as guidelines for management practice; according to Henry Fayol.

 Division of work; this is the specialization which economists consider necessary to efficiency.

Authority and responsibilities; Fayol sees authority as a combination official- deriving  from the manager position and person compounded of inteligence,experience, moral worth past servises.                               

Discipline: Seeing discipline as “respect for agreement which are directed at achieving obedience, application, energy, and the outward marks of respect” He declares that  discipline requires good superiors at all levels.

Unity of command: This means that employees should receive orders from one superior only.

Unity of direction: Each group with the same objective must have one head and one plan.

Subordination of individuals to generate interests: when the two are found to differ, management must reconcile them.

Remuneration: Remuneration and method of payment should be fair and afford the maximum possible satisfactions to employees and employer.

Centralization: it refers to the extent to which authority is concentrated or disperse, therefore individual circumstances will determine the  degree that will “give the best overall yield”

Scalar chain; “chain of superior” from highest to the lowest ranks.

Order: Breaking this into materials and social order. This is essentially a principle of organization in the arrangement of things and people.

Equality loyalty and devotion should be elicited from personnel by a combination of kindness and justice when managers dealing with subordinates

Stability of Tenure:  Finding unnecessary turnover to bee both the cause and the effect of bad management, Fayol points out its dangers and costs.

Initiative: This is considered as the thinking out and execution of plan, since it is one of the keenest satisfactions for an intelligent man to experience, Fayol exhorts managers to sacrifice personal vanity in order to permit subordinates to exercise it.

Esprit de corps: This is the principle that in union there is strength as well as extension of the principle of unity of command, emphasizing the need for team work and the importance of communication in obtaining it.

 WRITTEM BY SANDULI NEEMA R.